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help、

来源:学生作业帮 编辑:搜狗做题网作业帮 分类:英语作业 时间:2024/06/09 12:13:30
before,after,as soon as,as……as,等等这些介词都应该怎么用,是和 if 一样主将从现吗? 还是要前后时态一样? 还有什么词组和 how long 一样,要用现在完成时回答??
help、
解题思路: 如下
解题过程:
引导时间状语从句的词有when,before,after,until,as soon as,while 等,具体用法如下:
  1. when 意为“当……时”,引导时间状语从句,表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生。例如:
  I feel very happy when you come to see me. 你(们)来看我时,我感到很高兴。
  When you are crossing the street,you must be careful. 你(们)过街道时,一定要小心。
  when引导的时间状语从句,when的从句可以用延续性动词,也可以用点动词。eg.
  He was working at the table when I went in. 当我进去的时候,他正在桌旁工作。
  Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping. 当我正在睡觉时,有人敲门。
  I will visit my good friend when I have time. 当我有空儿时,我将去看望我的好友。
  I worked for a foreign company when I was in Shanghai. 当我在上海时,我为一家外国企业工作。
  注:when也可以作并列连词,表示一个动词正在进行的时候,突然间发生了另外一件事。eg.
  I was fishing by the river,when someone called for help.
  我正在河边钓鱼,就在那时有人求救。
  We were working in the chemistry lab,when the lights went out.
  我们正在化学实验室工作,突然灯都熄灭了。
2. before 意为“在……之前”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。例如:
  We cleaned the classroom before we left school yesterday.昨天离开学校之前,我们打扫了教室。
  He had been a cook before he went to college . 他上大学前曾当过厨师。
  after 意为“在……之后”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。例如:
  After you use plastic bags,you mustn't throw them about. 你(们)用过了塑料袋之后,不准到处乱扔。
  He called me after he had finished his work. 他在工作完之后给我打了个电话。
  注:若主句和从句两个动作发生的先后顺序十分接近,那么也可以不用完成时态,例如上面的第二句可改成:He called me after he finished his work.
3. since引导的时间状语从句,译为“自从……”,主句常用现在完成时,从句常用一般过去时。eg.
  We have made many dumplings since we began to cook. 自从我们开始做饭起,我们已经包了许多饺子了。
  We haven't seen each other since we parted . 我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。
  注:常用句型:It is +时间段+since从句 译为:自从……有多长时间了。eg.
  It is six years since she graduated from the university. 自从她大学毕业已有六年的时间了。
4. until 意为“直到……时”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。
  当主句的谓语动词是持续性动词时,主句常用肯定形式;当主句的谓语动词是非持续性动词时,从句常用否定形式,not…until… 意为“直到……才……”,这时的until可以用before 来替换。例如:
  I'll stay here until you come back. 我会呆在这里,直到你回来。(stay表示的动作可以持续)
  He didn't go to bed until he finished his homework.他直到做完作业才睡觉。(go to bed 表示的动作不能持续)
5. as soon as 意为“一……就……”,表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作马上就发生。例如:
  I'll tell him about it as soon as he comes back.他一回来我就告诉他这件事。
6. while引导的时间状语从句,常译为“与……同时,在……期间”,while的从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的词。eg.
  They rushed in while we were discussing problems. 当我们正在讨论问题时,他们冲了进来。
  Father was cleaning the car while I was playing computer games. 当我正在打电子游戏时,爸爸正在清洗汽车。
  注:while也可以作并列连词,表转折的关系,相当于but,译为“然而”。eg.
  I like listening to music,while my brother likes doing sports. 我喜欢听音乐,而我的兄弟爱好运动。
7. till和until引导的时间状语从句,译为“直到……为止”,not … till / until引导的时间状语从句,译为“直到……才”。前者强调主句动作的结束,用延续性动词,后者强调主句动作的开始,用点动词。eg.
  I will wait for my friend until / till he comes. 我要一直等到我朋友来。
  We won't start our discussion until / till he comes.
主句与从句时态一致的问题。
  在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句和从句之间的时态一致问题一般分下列两种情况:
  1. 若主句是祈使句,或主句中有情态动词,或主句中谓语动词是一般将来时,那么从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时。例如:
  Be careful when you cross the road. 过马路时要小心。
  Put up your hand if you have any questions to ask. 如果你们有问题要问的话,请举手。
  The traffic must stop when the lights are red. 红灯亮时,车辆必须停下。
  2. 若主从句谓语动词都是陈述过去,那么主从句都可以用一般过去时。例如:
She could sing when she was four years old. 她四岁的时候就会唱歌。
最终答案:略