英语翻译A large container ship may be loaded or unloaded complet

英语翻译
A large container ship may be loaded or unloaded completely in about half a day, compared to several days for the same amount of cargo in break-bulk cargo ship. Generally, the shipper places the cargo in the container and,except for custom inspection, it is delivered unopened to the consignee. Highway trailers (most commonly), railroad cars, or barges transport containers to and from their land destination and are therefore apart of the same transportation system. For a given payload cargo capacity, container ships are larger and more costly to build than the traditional cargo ship, but both the cargo handling cost and the idle ship time in port are reduced considerably.
Although in some ships containers are moved horizontally for loading and unloading, the predominant arrangement is that illustrated in Fig.1 where containers are stowed in vertical cells and moved vertically in and out of the vessel.
Roll-on/Roll-off ships
With a broad interpretation all ships that are designed to handle cargo by rolling it on wheels can be considered under this heading. This would include trailer ships; sea trains(carrying railroad cars or entire carriers: ships carrying pallets handled by forklift trucks from and to shore; and so on, the following is a description of a ship of this type, which is intended primarily to operate as a trailer ship, although it may handle several types of wheeled vehicles.
Roll-on/Roll-off ships require a high proportion of cubic capacity relative to the amount of cargo and are particularly suited to services with short runs and frequent loading and unloading. They need even shorter port time than container ships but their building cost is higher.
Because fully loaded toll-on/roll-off ships can not carry enough cargo to immerse them deeply, their large freeboard allows the fitting of side ports above the waterline for handling of cargo on wheels by means of ramps. Usually, ships of this type have a transom stern (a square-shaped stern like that of a motorboat) fitted with doors for handling wheeled vehicles on an aft ramp. Roll-on/Roll-off ships have several decks, and the cargo is handled on wheels from the loading deck to other decks by elevators or sloping ramps. Both internal elevators and ramps occupy substantial volume in the ship. The need for clear decks, without interruption by transverse bulkheads, and tween decks for vehicle parking results in a unique structural arrangement.
Barge-carrying ships
This type of ship represents a hold step in the trend toward cargo containerization and port time reductions. Cargo is carried in barges or lighters each weighing up to 1000 metric tons when loaded. The lighters are carried below and above deck and handled by gantry cranes or elevator platforms.

大型集装箱船可装载或卸载完全在大约50天,相比之下,货物在散装货船相同金额数天.一般而言,托运人放置在容器中的货物和,除海关检查,这是向收货人交付未打开.公路拖车（最常见）,铁路车辆,或驳船运输集装箱从他们的土地和目的地,因此除了同运输系统.对于给定的有效载荷能力货运,集装箱船是更大和更昂贵的建立比传统的货运船,但无论是货物装卸费用和船舶在港口闲置时间大大减少.
虽然在一些船舶集装箱装卸动议水平,主要的安排是,在图1所示在容器存放在细胞和垂直移动垂直进出的船只.
滚装船舶
有了广泛的解释所有的设计,处理货物滚动车轮上它可以根据本项审议船只.这将包括拖车舰海上火车（载有车厢或整个运营商：船舶载运叉车,并从岸上处理托盘,等等,以下是此类型,其目的主要经营船舶介绍作为一个拖车船,虽然它可能处理几种类型的轮式车辆.
滚装船舶立方米容量的要求相对高比例的货物量,特别适合于短运行和频繁装卸服务.他们需要更短的时间比集装箱船的港口,但其建设成本较高.
由于船舶满载toll-on/roll-off不能携带足够的货物,他们深深沉浸,他们的大舷允许在上述处理的货物汽车轮子上的斜道指水线方口岸配件.通常,这种类型的船舶有一个气窗斯特恩（1就像一个摩托艇的方形船尾）与处理轮式车辆上装有一门船尾坡道.滚装船舶甲板有几个,而货物处理车轮从装货甲板的电梯或其他甲板倾斜的坡道.内部电梯和坡道中占有相当数量的船舶.需要提出明确的甲板,横舱壁未经中断,并以独特的结构安排车辆停泊结果吐温的甲板.
驳船运载船
这种船型代表了对货物的集装箱和港口的时间减少趋势持有的一步.货物是通过驳船或打火机在每个重达1000吨的时候加载.打火机是通过以下及以上甲板和龙门起重机或电梯平台的处理.