英语翻译On one occasion,Confucius asked several of his disciples

英语翻译
On one occasion,Confucius asked several of his disciples to talk about their aspirations.Zi Lu and Ran You wanted the opportunity to administer a state.Gongsun Chi wanted to become a master of rituals.Zeng Dian said,"My aspiration is different from theirs." "That is acceptable," said Confucius."We are only talking about our own aspirations." Zeng Dian then said,"(My dream) is to wear spring robes in late spring and to swim in the Yi River with five or six adults and six or seven children.We shall enjoy the breeze where people pray for rain.Then we shall go home,singing all the way." Confucius sighed,"Ah,I share Dian's aspiration." The different aspirations of the four students reflected their different outlooks on life.Confucius' agreement with Zeng Dian indicates that while he stressed individual contribution to society,he regarded the highest state of life as harmony among people and harmony between people and nature.His was a true aesthetic outlook on life.
"Naturalness" is an important concept of Laozi's philosophy.It refers to a natural state of being,an attitude of following the way of nature.Laozi emphasized that everything in the world has its own way of being and development:birds fly in the sky,fish swim in the water,clouds float in the sky,flowers bloom and flowers fall.All these phenomena occur independently and naturally without following any human will,and humans should not try to change anything natural.Laozi admonished people to give up on any desire to control the world.Following the way of nature is the way to resolving conflicts between humans and the world.
In analyzing changes in opposing factors in war,Sunzi also emphasized pushing them into their opposites for the benefit of one's own troops.He said,"When we know the enemy situation but they do not know ours,we can keep our troops together while they have to keep them separate.Now that our troops are in one place while the enemy troops are dispersed in ten places,we can strike them with tenfold force.In this way,our troops enjoy an absolute majority while the enemy suffers an absolute minority." Sunzi's Art of War is full of such dialectical thinking.Sunzi said,"By taking a tortuous route deliberately while tempting the enemy with small gains,we can arrive earlier despite having started later than the enemy.This is the strategy of turning a tortuous route into a straight one." As a kind of synopsis,Sunzi said,"The expert commander is able to make the enemy follow his direction,not the other way round."

一次,孔子让他的学生们谈论他们的志向.子路和冉有想要有机会管理一个州.公孙止想要掌管宗教祭祀.曾典说,“我的志向与他们不同”.孔子说,“这也可以”.然后曾典说：“我们只是在谈论我们的志向.我的志向就是暮春时穿着春天的长袍和五六个成年人及六七个孩子在沂水中游泳.我们享受这人们求雨的微风.然后一路歌唱回家”孔子叹息说：“我同意典的观点.”四个学生不同的志向反映了他们对生活的不同见解.孔子同意曾典意味着他强调个人对社会的贡献,他认为生活的最高境界就是人与人,人与自然的和谐.他对生活有这真正的审美观点.
“自然”是老子哲学中的一个重要概念.它是指自然状态,遵照自然的态度.老子强调世上的任何事情都有它自己的存在和发展方式：鸟在天上飞,鱼在水中游,云卷云舒,花开花落.这些现象独立自然地发生,不受任何人类意志的影响.人类不应改变任何自然的事情.老子吃惊于人们费尽心机想要控制世界.解决人类和世界的争端的方法就是遵照自然.
在分析战争中反作用因素的变化时,孙子也强调把不利因素推给对方是自己受益.他说,“当我们知道敌人的情况而敌人不知道我们时,我们应使我们的军队团结一致,敌人的军队不得不愤慨.现在我们的军队在一个地点,而敌人分散在十个地点,我们可以以十倍的力量攻击敌人.这样我们的军队占有绝对优势,而敌人则是绝对劣势.”孙子兵法充满了这种辩证思维.孙子说,“让一小部分人走弯弯曲曲的路去吸引敌人,我们可以在比敌人出发晚的情况下更早到达.这就是变曲为直的策略.”作为一个总揽,孙子说,“专家指挥官能够让敌人遵照他的指示,而不是违背他恶指示.”