搜狗做题网语法问题(语法)
来源：学生作业帮 编辑：搜狗做题网作业帮 分类：英语作业 时间：2024/05/02 22:04:56
麻烦老师给讲解一下什么叫主语、状语、宾语、谓语、定语、补语和连词
解题思路： 平时要根据具体的例子进行掌握。
解题过程：
1.主语
主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词，代词，数词，不定式等充当。
He likes watchingTV.他喜欢看电视。
2、谓语
谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。
一般可分为两类：
1)，简单谓语
由动词(或短语动词)构成。
可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。
We study for the people.我们为人民学习。
2)，复合谓语：情态动词＋不定式
I can speak a little English.我可以说一点英语。
3、表语
表语是谓语的一部分，它位于系动词如be之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。一般由名词，代词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词短语等充当。
My sister is a nurse.我姐姐是护士。
4、宾语
宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，能作宾语的有名词，代词，数词，动词不定式等。
We like English.我们喜欢英语。
有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。
He gave me some ink.他给了我一点墨水。
有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如：
We make him our monitor.我们选他当班长。
5、定语
在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。
用作定语的主要是形容词，代词，数词，名词，副词，动词不定式，介词短语等。形容词，代词，数词，名词等作定语时，通常放在被修饰的词前面。
He is a new student.他是个新生。
但副词，动词不定式，介词短语等作定语时，则放在被修饰的词之后。
The bike in the room is mine.房间里的自行车是我的。
6、状语
修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分，叫做状语。用作状语的通常是副词，介词短语，不定式和从句等。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。
He lives in London.他住在伦敦。
7.补语
用来说明宾语或主语所处的状态或正在进行的动作，因为英语中有些动词加宾语后意思仍然不完整，如：make(使...),ask(请)等等。如果我们说：我们使我们的祖国。这不是一句完整的话。应该说：我们使我们的祖国更美丽。这是的“美丽的（beautiful)”为形容词做补语，说明祖国的状态。英语句子为:We will make our country more beautiful.作补语的词或词组为：形容词，副词，名词，不定式，ing形式，数词等。
英语中的连词主要分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组或从句。
常见的表示语义引申的并列连词有：1.and
Justice is on your side. And justice will triumph over injustice. 正义在你们一边，而正义是会战胜非正义的。
2. neither... nor
She could neither speak the language nor write it. 这种语言她既不会说，也不会写。
3. both... and
A man should have both courage and perseverance.一个人既要有勇气又要有毅力。
4. not only... but also
We should not only be bold, but also be cautious. 我们不仅要大胆，而且要谨慎。
5. as well as
I have read one of his novels as well as a few of his plays. 我读过他的一本小说和几个剧本。
表示选择的并列连词有：
1. or
You may do it yourself, or ask someone else to do it. 你可以自己做或者让别人做。
2. either... or
I left it either on the table or in the drawer. 我不是把它放在桌子上了，就是放在抽屉里了。
除了表示选择外，or和either... or还可以表示否定的条件：
1) Now I must go or (if not) I shall be late for the party. 我现在得走了，否则晚会我就要迟到了。
2) You'll either behave yourself, or you'll never go out with me. 你要么老实点，要么就永远不能跟我一起出去。
表示转折或对比的并列连词有：
1. but
He tried hard but he was unsuccessful. 他做了很大努力但没有成功。
2. yet
The car was old, yet it was in excellent condition. 这辆车子很旧，但仍处于良好的状态。
3. however
She felt ill. She went to work, however, and tried to concentrate. 她病了。然而她照旧去上班，并且尽力集中精神工作。
4. nevertheless
I don't know anything against that man; nevertheless I don't trust him. 我对那个人没有什么不良的看法，但我不能信赖他。
表示因果关系的并列连词有：
1. for
You'd better put on your sweater, for it's rather cold outside. 你最好把毛衣穿上，外边相当冷。
2. so
My sister is expecting me，so I must be off now. 姐姐在等我，因此我得走了。
3. therefore
You are right, therefore we should support you. 你是对的，所以我们应当支持你。
4. hence
I fell off my bike yesterday—hence the bruises. 我昨天骑自行车摔倒了——所以青一块、紫一块的。
从属连词是用来引导从句的。
引导时间状语从句的从属连词有：
1. when
There was prolonged applause when he began to speak. 他开始讲话时响起了经久不息的掌声。
2. while
We should strike while the iron is hot. 我们要趁热打铁。
3. as
As (When) he entered, the hall burst into thunderous applause. 当他进来时，全场发出雷鸣般的掌声。
4. after
After I visit Shanghai I'll travel up the Yangtze. 访问上海之后，我将溯长江而上。
5. before
It would be months before he was fit for the work. 要过好几个月他才能适应工作。
6. since
It is just a week since we arrived here. 我们到这里才一个星期。
7. until (till)
I shall stay here until (till) I've completed my studies. 我要在这里待到学习结束为止。
8. as soon as
As soon as he got well, he went back to work. 他病一好就回去上班了。
9. once
Once he said that, I knew he was lying. 他一说这话我就知道他在撒谎。
引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：
1. because
He failed because he was too careless. 因为他太粗心，所以失败了。
2. as
As it was already rather dark, we decided to stop at the temple for the night. 因为已经相当晚了，我们决定在庙里待一夜。
3. since
Since you don't want to go, we won't force you to. 既然你不愿意去，我们也不勉强你。
4. now that
Now that you are all back, we'd better start the work right away. 你们既然都回来了，我们最好马上就开始工作。
5. considering (that)
They did the job quite well considering (that) they had no experience. 考虑到他们没有什么经验，这项工作他们已经干得不错了。
6. seeing that
Seeing that (Since) nobody was very enthusiastic about it, they decided to cancel the trip. 由于都没有很高的热情，他们决定取消这次旅行。
引导条件状语从句的从属连词有：
1. if
If you can do it, so can I. 你要是能办到，我也能办到。
2. even if
We wouldn't lose heart even if we should fail ten times. 我们就是失败十次也不灰心。
3. unless
I won't go unless you want me to. 除非你要我去，否则我是不会去的。
4. in case
We'd better take our raincoats in case it should rain (rains). 我们最好把雨衣带着以防下雨。
5. provided /providing (that)
I'll come provided (providing) (that) you let me know in good time. 你要是及时通知我是会来的。
6. suppose/supposing (that)
Suppose (Supposing) (that) he won't agree, what shall we do? 假如他不同意，我们怎么办？
7. as (so) long as
You may use the room as long as you keep it clean. 只要保持清洁你可以用这个房间。
8. on condition (that)
I'll lend you the book on condition (that) you return it on Monday. 只要你能在星期一还我，这本书我就借给你。
引导让步状语从句的从属连词有：
1. although / though
Everybody worked with great enthusiasm although/though the weather was extremely cold. 虽然天气很冷，大家工作得非常起劲。
2. even if (though)
Even if I have to walk all the way I'll get there. 即使我得一路走着去，我也要去那里。
引导比较状语从句的从属连词有：
1. than
We have produced 20% more cotton this year than we did last year. 我们今年棉花产量比去年高百分之二十。
2. as (so)...as
He doesn't play half as well as his sister. 他演奏的水平不及他姐姐的一半。
引导目的状语从句的从属连词有：
1. lest
She explained again and again lest people should misunderstand her. 她一再解释唯恐人们误解。
2. so that
Speak clearly so that we may understand you. 讲话要清楚，以便我们能听明白。
3. in order that
He assigned us some books to read at home in order that (so that) we might have a deeper understanding of the subject. 他指定几本书给我们回家看，以便我们对这一主题有一个较深的了解。
引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：
1. so...that
She was so moved that tears came to her eyes. 她感动得热泪盈眶。
2. such...that
It was such a boring speech that I fell asleep. 演讲枯燥乏味，听得我都睡着了。
引导名词性从句的连词有三个：(1)that (本身无意义)，(2)whether (or not)，(3)if。例如：
That they will refuse the offer is unlikely. 他们不太可能会拒绝这个建议。
I don't know whether (=if) these figures are accurate. 我不知道这些数字是否精确。
祝你的英语成绩越来越棒！
最终答案：略
解题过程：
1.主语
主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词，代词，数词，不定式等充当。
He likes watchingTV.他喜欢看电视。
2、谓语
谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。
一般可分为两类：
1)，简单谓语
由动词(或短语动词)构成。
可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。
We study for the people.我们为人民学习。
2)，复合谓语：情态动词＋不定式
I can speak a little English.我可以说一点英语。
3、表语
表语是谓语的一部分，它位于系动词如be之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。一般由名词，代词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词短语等充当。
My sister is a nurse.我姐姐是护士。
4、宾语
宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，能作宾语的有名词，代词，数词，动词不定式等。
We like English.我们喜欢英语。
有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。
He gave me some ink.他给了我一点墨水。
有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如：
We make him our monitor.我们选他当班长。
5、定语
在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。
用作定语的主要是形容词，代词，数词，名词，副词，动词不定式，介词短语等。形容词，代词，数词，名词等作定语时，通常放在被修饰的词前面。
He is a new student.他是个新生。
但副词，动词不定式，介词短语等作定语时，则放在被修饰的词之后。
The bike in the room is mine.房间里的自行车是我的。
6、状语
修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分，叫做状语。用作状语的通常是副词，介词短语，不定式和从句等。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。
He lives in London.他住在伦敦。
7.补语
用来说明宾语或主语所处的状态或正在进行的动作，因为英语中有些动词加宾语后意思仍然不完整，如：make(使...),ask(请)等等。如果我们说：我们使我们的祖国。这不是一句完整的话。应该说：我们使我们的祖国更美丽。这是的“美丽的（beautiful)”为形容词做补语，说明祖国的状态。英语句子为:We will make our country more beautiful.作补语的词或词组为：形容词，副词，名词，不定式，ing形式，数词等。
英语中的连词主要分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组或从句。
常见的表示语义引申的并列连词有：1.and
Justice is on your side. And justice will triumph over injustice. 正义在你们一边，而正义是会战胜非正义的。
2. neither... nor
She could neither speak the language nor write it. 这种语言她既不会说，也不会写。
3. both... and
A man should have both courage and perseverance.一个人既要有勇气又要有毅力。
4. not only... but also
We should not only be bold, but also be cautious. 我们不仅要大胆，而且要谨慎。
5. as well as
I have read one of his novels as well as a few of his plays. 我读过他的一本小说和几个剧本。
表示选择的并列连词有：
1. or
You may do it yourself, or ask someone else to do it. 你可以自己做或者让别人做。
2. either... or
I left it either on the table or in the drawer. 我不是把它放在桌子上了，就是放在抽屉里了。
除了表示选择外，or和either... or还可以表示否定的条件：
1) Now I must go or (if not) I shall be late for the party. 我现在得走了，否则晚会我就要迟到了。
2) You'll either behave yourself, or you'll never go out with me. 你要么老实点，要么就永远不能跟我一起出去。
表示转折或对比的并列连词有：
1. but
He tried hard but he was unsuccessful. 他做了很大努力但没有成功。
2. yet
The car was old, yet it was in excellent condition. 这辆车子很旧，但仍处于良好的状态。
3. however
She felt ill. She went to work, however, and tried to concentrate. 她病了。然而她照旧去上班，并且尽力集中精神工作。
4. nevertheless
I don't know anything against that man; nevertheless I don't trust him. 我对那个人没有什么不良的看法，但我不能信赖他。
表示因果关系的并列连词有：
1. for
You'd better put on your sweater, for it's rather cold outside. 你最好把毛衣穿上，外边相当冷。
2. so
My sister is expecting me，so I must be off now. 姐姐在等我，因此我得走了。
3. therefore
You are right, therefore we should support you. 你是对的，所以我们应当支持你。
4. hence
I fell off my bike yesterday—hence the bruises. 我昨天骑自行车摔倒了——所以青一块、紫一块的。
从属连词是用来引导从句的。
引导时间状语从句的从属连词有：
1. when
There was prolonged applause when he began to speak. 他开始讲话时响起了经久不息的掌声。
2. while
We should strike while the iron is hot. 我们要趁热打铁。
3. as
As (When) he entered, the hall burst into thunderous applause. 当他进来时，全场发出雷鸣般的掌声。
4. after
After I visit Shanghai I'll travel up the Yangtze. 访问上海之后，我将溯长江而上。
5. before
It would be months before he was fit for the work. 要过好几个月他才能适应工作。
6. since
It is just a week since we arrived here. 我们到这里才一个星期。
7. until (till)
I shall stay here until (till) I've completed my studies. 我要在这里待到学习结束为止。
8. as soon as
As soon as he got well, he went back to work. 他病一好就回去上班了。
9. once
Once he said that, I knew he was lying. 他一说这话我就知道他在撒谎。
引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：
1. because
He failed because he was too careless. 因为他太粗心，所以失败了。
2. as
As it was already rather dark, we decided to stop at the temple for the night. 因为已经相当晚了，我们决定在庙里待一夜。
3. since
Since you don't want to go, we won't force you to. 既然你不愿意去，我们也不勉强你。
4. now that
Now that you are all back, we'd better start the work right away. 你们既然都回来了，我们最好马上就开始工作。
5. considering (that)
They did the job quite well considering (that) they had no experience. 考虑到他们没有什么经验，这项工作他们已经干得不错了。
6. seeing that
Seeing that (Since) nobody was very enthusiastic about it, they decided to cancel the trip. 由于都没有很高的热情，他们决定取消这次旅行。
引导条件状语从句的从属连词有：
1. if
If you can do it, so can I. 你要是能办到，我也能办到。
2. even if
We wouldn't lose heart even if we should fail ten times. 我们就是失败十次也不灰心。
3. unless
I won't go unless you want me to. 除非你要我去，否则我是不会去的。
4. in case
We'd better take our raincoats in case it should rain (rains). 我们最好把雨衣带着以防下雨。
5. provided /providing (that)
I'll come provided (providing) (that) you let me know in good time. 你要是及时通知我是会来的。
6. suppose/supposing (that)
Suppose (Supposing) (that) he won't agree, what shall we do? 假如他不同意，我们怎么办？
7. as (so) long as
You may use the room as long as you keep it clean. 只要保持清洁你可以用这个房间。
8. on condition (that)
I'll lend you the book on condition (that) you return it on Monday. 只要你能在星期一还我，这本书我就借给你。
引导让步状语从句的从属连词有：
1. although / though
Everybody worked with great enthusiasm although/though the weather was extremely cold. 虽然天气很冷，大家工作得非常起劲。
2. even if (though)
Even if I have to walk all the way I'll get there. 即使我得一路走着去，我也要去那里。
引导比较状语从句的从属连词有：
1. than
We have produced 20% more cotton this year than we did last year. 我们今年棉花产量比去年高百分之二十。
2. as (so)...as
He doesn't play half as well as his sister. 他演奏的水平不及他姐姐的一半。
引导目的状语从句的从属连词有：
1. lest
She explained again and again lest people should misunderstand her. 她一再解释唯恐人们误解。
2. so that
Speak clearly so that we may understand you. 讲话要清楚，以便我们能听明白。
3. in order that
He assigned us some books to read at home in order that (so that) we might have a deeper understanding of the subject. 他指定几本书给我们回家看，以便我们对这一主题有一个较深的了解。
引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：
1. so...that
She was so moved that tears came to her eyes. 她感动得热泪盈眶。
2. such...that
It was such a boring speech that I fell asleep. 演讲枯燥乏味，听得我都睡着了。
引导名词性从句的连词有三个：(1)that (本身无意义)，(2)whether (or not)，(3)if。例如：
That they will refuse the offer is unlikely. 他们不太可能会拒绝这个建议。
I don't know whether (=if) these figures are accurate. 我不知道这些数字是否精确。
祝你的英语成绩越来越棒！
最终答案：略