搜狗做题网求.宾语从句和定语从句用法
来源：学生作业帮 编辑：搜狗做题网作业帮 分类：英语作业 时间：2024/04/29 02:58:44
求.宾语从句和定语从句用法
搞不清宾语从句和定语从句用法啊
什么修饰什么东西的..
哪位天使大姐教教我
最好有例句
搞不清宾语从句和定语从句用法啊
什么修饰什么东西的..
哪位天使大姐教教我
最好有例句
宾语从句讲解
在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句.
1．语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序,即“主句＋连词＋宾语从句（主语＋谓语＋……）”句式.根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分,可分为以下四种：
1）连接词＋谓语.连接词在从句中作主语.常见的连接词有： who,what,which等.如：
Could you tell me who knows the answer,please?你能告诉我谁知道答案吗?
The small children don't know what is in their stockings．这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西?
2）连接词＋名词＋谓语.连接词在从句中作主语的定语.常见的连接词有：whose,what,which,how many,how much等.如：
He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class．他问我们班上谁的书法最好.
The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room．老师问我们房间里有多少人.
3）连接词＋主语＋谓语.连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语.常见的连接词有：who（m）,what,which,how many,how much, when,why,how,where,if ／whether（在句中不充当任何成分）等.如：
He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi．他还没决定是否去无锡旅行.
Could you tell me what I should do with the money ?你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗?
4）连接词＋名词＋主语＋谓语.连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语.常见的连接词有：what,which,how many,how much,how等.如：
Do you know which class he is in ?你知道他在哪个班吗?
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was．她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔.
2．连接词
1）当由陈述句充当宾语从句时,用that引导,that无词义,在口语或非正式文体中常省略.如：
He said that he could finish his work before supper．他说他会在晚饭前完成工作.
2）当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,用if或whether引导,意为“是否”.如：
I don't know if ／whether he still lives here after so many years．我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿.
但在下列情况下只能用whether：
①在具有选择意义,又有or或or not时,尤其是直接与or not连用时,往往用whether（if…or not也可以使用）.如：
Let me know whether ／if he will come or not．（＝Let me know whether or not he will come）让我知道他是否能来.
I don't know whether ／if he does any washing or not．（＝I don't know whether or not he does any washing．）我不知道他洗不洗衣服.
I wonder whether we stay or whether wego．我不知道我们是去还是留.
②在介词之后用whether.如：
I'm interested in whether he likes English．我关心的是他是否喜欢英语.
We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time．我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作.
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings．我担心是否伤了她的感情.
③在不定式前用whether.如：
He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man．他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人.
I don't know whether to go．我不知去否.
He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train．他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去.
④whether置于句首时,不能换用if.如：
Whether this is true or not,I can't say．这是否真的我说不上来.
⑤引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether.如：
Whether she will come or not is still a question．她是否能来还是个问题.
The question is whether we can catch the bus．问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车.
⑥若用if会引起歧义时,则用whether.如：
Please let me know if you like the book．可理解为：
a．Please let me know whether you like the book．请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书.
b．If you like the book,please let me know．你如果喜欢这本书,请告诉我.
3）如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句,只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导.如：
Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗?
3．时态
含宾语从句的复合句,主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点内容：
1）如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词可根据需要,选用相应的任何时态.如：
I don't know when he will come back．我不知道他将何时回来.
He tells me that his sister came back yesterday．他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了.
2）如果主句的谓语动词是过去时,宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要,选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式.如：
①The children didn't know who he was．孩子们不知道他是谁.
②He asked his father how it happened．他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的.
3）如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等,不管主句用什么时态,从句时态都用一般现在时.如：
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun．老师说地球绕着太阳转.
4．注意：
if和when既可以引导宾语从句,也可以引导状语从句,应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同.if和when引导宾语从句时,分别意为“是否”和“何时”,其时态应和主句时态相呼应；它们引导状语从句时,意思分别为“如果,假如”和“当……时候”,当主句时态是一般将来时时,其时态用一般现在时.它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查.如：
—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ?你知道他明天什么时候回来吗?
—Sorry,I don't know．When he comes back,I'll tell you．对不起,不知道.当他回来了,我将告诉你.
—I don't know if he will come．我不知道他是否会来.
—He will come if it doesn't rain．如果不下雨,他会来的.
定语从句用法
概念：定语从句是修饰一个名词或代词的从句. 构成：定语从句必须包含先行词和关系词两个部分.先行词由一个名词或代词担当；关系词包括关系代词和关系副词. 关系代词：that which who whom whose as 关系副词：where when why 关系代词that, which, who, whom, as用法：1. 必须在定语从句中作主语或宾语.2.作引导词的功能.关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语. 关系副词when, where, why 的用法：在定语从句中作状语.因此要区别该用关系代词还是关系副词,就要看它在定语从句中所作的成份. 运用：1 由关系代词引导的定语从句 a. that 在从句中可作主语或宾语,指人或物. 例：A plane is a machine that can fly. (作主语,指物) who is the man that is working over there?(作主语,指人) b. which 在从句中可作主语或宾语,指物. 例：This is the bike which I bought yesterday. ( 作宾语,指物,可省略) c. who 在从句中作主语,指人. 例：The boy who is standing under the tree is called Jim.(作主语,指人) d. whom在从句中作宾语,指人,在口语中可用who 代替. 例：Do you know the person whom we met at the gate just now ? e. whose 在从句中作定语,指人. 例：This is Mr Wang, whose wife works in a big hospital. ( 作定语,指人) f. as 在从句中作主语或宾语.（如先行词被such 或the same 修饰,多用as 引导定语从句. 例：We won’t use such students as you recommend. 2．由关系副词引导的定语从句 a. when 在从句中作状语,指时间. 例：I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army. b. where 在从句中作状语,指地点. 例：This is the house where we lived last year. c. why 在从句中作状语,指原因. 例：I don’t know the reason why they didn’t come to the party. 3. that 与which 的区别与联系： a. that 在定语从句中既可指人又可指物,可代替who, whom, which (不包括非限定性定语从句). b. that 和 which 在从句中作主语时,不能省略；作宾语时,在口语中常省略. c. 在which 引导的定语从句中,当which 从句中作介词的宾语时,介词一般可放在which 之前,也可放在从句原来的位置上,在含有介词的动词固定词组中介词只能放在原来的位置上,而不能放在which之前. 例：The house in which Lu Xun once lived is now the Lu Xun Museum. =The house which Lu Xun once lived in is now the Lu Xun Museum. This is the bag which you are looking for. (look for 不能分开,是固定词组) 而在that引导的定语从句中,当that在从句中作谓语动词加介词的宾语时,that不能放在介词后面作介词宾语. 例：The village that she lives in is twenty kilometers away.(in 不能放在that前) 4．只能用that 的情况 a. 在序数词或最高级形容词修饰先行词时,要用that. 例：Han Mei is the most beautiful girl that I have ever known. b. 当all, everything ,nothing ,something ,anything, few, none, the one 等不定代词作先行词时,要用that. 例：Is there anything that you want to tell me?
在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句.
1．语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序,即“主句＋连词＋宾语从句（主语＋谓语＋……）”句式.根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分,可分为以下四种：
1）连接词＋谓语.连接词在从句中作主语.常见的连接词有： who,what,which等.如：
Could you tell me who knows the answer,please?你能告诉我谁知道答案吗?
The small children don't know what is in their stockings．这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西?
2）连接词＋名词＋谓语.连接词在从句中作主语的定语.常见的连接词有：whose,what,which,how many,how much等.如：
He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class．他问我们班上谁的书法最好.
The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room．老师问我们房间里有多少人.
3）连接词＋主语＋谓语.连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语.常见的连接词有：who（m）,what,which,how many,how much, when,why,how,where,if ／whether（在句中不充当任何成分）等.如：
He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi．他还没决定是否去无锡旅行.
Could you tell me what I should do with the money ?你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗?
4）连接词＋名词＋主语＋谓语.连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语.常见的连接词有：what,which,how many,how much,how等.如：
Do you know which class he is in ?你知道他在哪个班吗?
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was．她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔.
2．连接词
1）当由陈述句充当宾语从句时,用that引导,that无词义,在口语或非正式文体中常省略.如：
He said that he could finish his work before supper．他说他会在晚饭前完成工作.
2）当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,用if或whether引导,意为“是否”.如：
I don't know if ／whether he still lives here after so many years．我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿.
但在下列情况下只能用whether：
①在具有选择意义,又有or或or not时,尤其是直接与or not连用时,往往用whether（if…or not也可以使用）.如：
Let me know whether ／if he will come or not．（＝Let me know whether or not he will come）让我知道他是否能来.
I don't know whether ／if he does any washing or not．（＝I don't know whether or not he does any washing．）我不知道他洗不洗衣服.
I wonder whether we stay or whether wego．我不知道我们是去还是留.
②在介词之后用whether.如：
I'm interested in whether he likes English．我关心的是他是否喜欢英语.
We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time．我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作.
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings．我担心是否伤了她的感情.
③在不定式前用whether.如：
He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man．他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人.
I don't know whether to go．我不知去否.
He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train．他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去.
④whether置于句首时,不能换用if.如：
Whether this is true or not,I can't say．这是否真的我说不上来.
⑤引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether.如：
Whether she will come or not is still a question．她是否能来还是个问题.
The question is whether we can catch the bus．问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车.
⑥若用if会引起歧义时,则用whether.如：
Please let me know if you like the book．可理解为：
a．Please let me know whether you like the book．请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书.
b．If you like the book,please let me know．你如果喜欢这本书,请告诉我.
3）如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句,只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导.如：
Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗?
3．时态
含宾语从句的复合句,主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点内容：
1）如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词可根据需要,选用相应的任何时态.如：
I don't know when he will come back．我不知道他将何时回来.
He tells me that his sister came back yesterday．他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了.
2）如果主句的谓语动词是过去时,宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要,选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式.如：
①The children didn't know who he was．孩子们不知道他是谁.
②He asked his father how it happened．他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的.
3）如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等,不管主句用什么时态,从句时态都用一般现在时.如：
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun．老师说地球绕着太阳转.
4．注意：
if和when既可以引导宾语从句,也可以引导状语从句,应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同.if和when引导宾语从句时,分别意为“是否”和“何时”,其时态应和主句时态相呼应；它们引导状语从句时,意思分别为“如果,假如”和“当……时候”,当主句时态是一般将来时时,其时态用一般现在时.它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查.如：
—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ?你知道他明天什么时候回来吗?
—Sorry,I don't know．When he comes back,I'll tell you．对不起,不知道.当他回来了,我将告诉你.
—I don't know if he will come．我不知道他是否会来.
—He will come if it doesn't rain．如果不下雨,他会来的.
定语从句用法
概念：定语从句是修饰一个名词或代词的从句. 构成：定语从句必须包含先行词和关系词两个部分.先行词由一个名词或代词担当；关系词包括关系代词和关系副词. 关系代词：that which who whom whose as 关系副词：where when why 关系代词that, which, who, whom, as用法：1. 必须在定语从句中作主语或宾语.2.作引导词的功能.关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语. 关系副词when, where, why 的用法：在定语从句中作状语.因此要区别该用关系代词还是关系副词,就要看它在定语从句中所作的成份. 运用：1 由关系代词引导的定语从句 a. that 在从句中可作主语或宾语,指人或物. 例：A plane is a machine that can fly. (作主语,指物) who is the man that is working over there?(作主语,指人) b. which 在从句中可作主语或宾语,指物. 例：This is the bike which I bought yesterday. ( 作宾语,指物,可省略) c. who 在从句中作主语,指人. 例：The boy who is standing under the tree is called Jim.(作主语,指人) d. whom在从句中作宾语,指人,在口语中可用who 代替. 例：Do you know the person whom we met at the gate just now ? e. whose 在从句中作定语,指人. 例：This is Mr Wang, whose wife works in a big hospital. ( 作定语,指人) f. as 在从句中作主语或宾语.（如先行词被such 或the same 修饰,多用as 引导定语从句. 例：We won’t use such students as you recommend. 2．由关系副词引导的定语从句 a. when 在从句中作状语,指时间. 例：I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army. b. where 在从句中作状语,指地点. 例：This is the house where we lived last year. c. why 在从句中作状语,指原因. 例：I don’t know the reason why they didn’t come to the party. 3. that 与which 的区别与联系： a. that 在定语从句中既可指人又可指物,可代替who, whom, which (不包括非限定性定语从句). b. that 和 which 在从句中作主语时,不能省略；作宾语时,在口语中常省略. c. 在which 引导的定语从句中,当which 从句中作介词的宾语时,介词一般可放在which 之前,也可放在从句原来的位置上,在含有介词的动词固定词组中介词只能放在原来的位置上,而不能放在which之前. 例：The house in which Lu Xun once lived is now the Lu Xun Museum. =The house which Lu Xun once lived in is now the Lu Xun Museum. This is the bag which you are looking for. (look for 不能分开,是固定词组) 而在that引导的定语从句中,当that在从句中作谓语动词加介词的宾语时,that不能放在介词后面作介词宾语. 例：The village that she lives in is twenty kilometers away.(in 不能放在that前) 4．只能用that 的情况 a. 在序数词或最高级形容词修饰先行词时,要用that. 例：Han Mei is the most beautiful girl that I have ever known. b. 当all, everything ,nothing ,something ,anything, few, none, the one 等不定代词作先行词时,要用that. 例：Is there anything that you want to tell me?