英语翻译Salt flats or sabkhas are coastal and inland salt bearin

英语翻译
Salt flats or sabkhas are coastal and inland salt bearing arid climate sediments.
These types of soils are encountered in arid regions throughout the world including
Australia (Akpokodje,1985),the United States (Kinsman,1969; Lund et al.,1990),
but predominantly found in vast areas of the coasts of Middle Eastern and North
African countries (Johnson et al.,1978; Akili,1981; Khan and Hasnain,1981;
Stipho,1985; Dhowian et al.,1987; Al-Amoudi et al.,1991).The development of this
material is due to low wave energy allowing the settlement of silt and clay particles to
take place and then be loosely cemented by soluble materials (Akili,1981; James and
Little,1994).
In general,sabkha deposits have high void ratios,and invariably contain an
appreciable amount of organic materials.Accordingly,they are characterised by
being highly compressible with low bearing resistance.Laboratory test results,
Geotechnical and Geological Engineering 22:563–587,2004.563
# 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers.Printed in the Netherlands.
substantiated by the relatively large settlements measured under instrumented test
embankments,indicated that preloading is an effective technique that can eliminate
the primary consolidation settlements and reduce the secondary compressions of
sabkha sediments (Juillie and Sherwood,1983; Dhowian et al.,1987; Al-Shamrani
and Dhowian,1997).
Different criteria are used to monitor and evaluate improvement of soils by
preloading,but the attained average degree of consolidation from settlement records
is considered the most widely used criterion (Hansbo,1981).However,it requires
reliable estimate of the potential ultimate settlement in order to predict the rate of
settlement under the fill,and hence determine the amount of surcharge necessary
to achieve the required settlement in a time that is acceptable.Beside its importance
in planning of preloading,reliable estimate of settlements is an important aspect for
monitoring field settlements as construction progresses,and hence permitting any
significant variation to be immediately noticed before the construction proceeds
too far.

盐公寓或 sabkhas 是海岸的和内陆的盐举止干燥的气候沉淀物.
土壤的这些类型是在世界各处在干燥的区域中遇到了包括
澳洲 (Akpokodje,1985), 美国 (异性亲戚,1969; Lund 以及其他人.,1990),
除了居多在海岸的巨大的区域发现之外中东的和北方
非洲人国家 (詹森以及其他人.,1978; Akili,1981; 可汗和 Hasnain,1981;
Stipho,1985; Dhowian 以及其他人.,1987; Al-Amoudi 的以及其他人.,1991). 这的发展
材料是由于允许淤泥的殖民和泥土粒子的低点波能源到
发生然后是松弛地藉着溶解材料接合了 (Akili,1981; 詹姆士和
一点点,1994).
大体上, sabkha 存款有高度空虚比, 而且不变化地包含一
可感知量的有机材料. 因此, 他们是表示被的特色
对低点举止抵抗感到高度地可压缩. 实验室测验结果,
Geotechnical 和地质学的工程学 22: 563 – 587,2004. 563
#2004 Kluwer 学者出版者. 印刷的在荷兰.
实体化被那相对地大的殖民标准的在被器具的测试之下
堤防, 指出预载是能除去的有效的技术
提名候选人的预选会巩固殖民而且减少中级的压缩
sabkha 沉淀物 (Juillie 和舍伍德,1983; Dhowian 以及其他人.,1987; Al-Shamrani
而且 Dhowian,1997).
不同的标准对监视器被用而且评估土壤的进步被
预载, 除了那之外达到了平均来自殖民的巩固记录的程度
考虑过的最广泛二手的标准是.(Hansbo,1981) 然而, 它需要
可靠的潜在终极的殖民估计为了要预测那评估
殖民在那之下填充, 而且因此决定额外费用的数量必需品
达成可接受的次的必需的殖民. 在它的重要旁边
在预载计划方面, 殖民的可靠估计是一个重要的方面
如工程进步的监听领域殖民, 而且因此允许任何的
重要的变化是立刻在工程收入之前注意
太远的.